爱玩科技网
您的当前位置:首页高中英语 unit2《englisharoundtheworld》warmingup,pre-r

高中英语 unit2《englisharoundtheworld》warmingup,pre-r

来源:爱玩科技网
2013年高一英语精品测试训练:Unit 2 《English around the

World》 单词拼写(人教版必修1)

Ⅰ.词汇与短语

1.voyage n.航行;航海 【常考用法】

make a voyage to the Pacific Ocean到太平洋航行 make a long sea voyage一次漫长的海上旅行 on a voyage from Yantai to Dalian 在从烟台到大连的航行中 go on a voyage去航行

【辨析】voyage,tour,travel,journey与trip

voyage tour travel journey trip 指不论距离长短的海上旅行或空中旅行 指巡回旅行,常含有去不同的几个地方旅行之后又回到原出发地之意 指长距离旅行或国外旅行 常指远距离的陆上旅行,不含有回到原出发地之意 指较短距离的旅行,常含有回到原出发地之意 2.because of 因为;由于 【常考用法】

because of the bad weather由于坏天气 because of ill health由于健康状况不佳

because of the heavy rain由于下大雨 【短语链接】

due to因为 owing to因为 thanks to幸亏,由于 on account of因为 【十年高考链接】

(2007·浙江高考)The open-air celebration has been put off the bad weather.

A.in case of

B.in spite of

C.instead of

D.because of

because of his illness因为他生病

答案:D 本题考查介词短语意义辨析。句意:因为坏天气,露天庆祝活动被推迟了。in case of以防万一;in spite of尽管;instead of代替;because of因为。

3.come up 走近;上来,(太阳、月亮等)升起;被提出;长出 【常考用法】

come up to your apartment到你的公寓来 come up at the meeting(问题)在会上被提出 【短语链接】

come up with想出(计划、回答) come along进展;进步;进行 come out出现;开花;出版 come over过来;顺便来访 come across偶遇;碰到 【十年高考链接】

(1)(2013·新课标全国高考Ⅱ)Would you like to with us to the film tonight?

A.come along

B.come off

C.come across

D.come through

come about发生;产生

come at向……接近;袭击;攻击 come on快点;加油 come to总计;总共;达到 come true实现

答案:A 首先了解四个选项的汉语意思。A项come along“一起来”;B项come off“成功;举行”;C项come across“偶遇;偶然发现”;D项come through“公开;公布;(健康)恢复”。题干的意思是:“今晚你想和我们一起去看电影吗?”根据with us及题意可知选A。

(2)(2012·浙江高考)— Alvin,are you coming with us? — I’d love to,but something unexpected . A.has come up

B.was coming up

C.had come up

D.would come up

答案:A 本题考查时态的用法。句意:“阿尔文,你要和我们一起来吗?”“我想来,但是发生了点意外情况。”现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或事情到现在为止且有可能持续下去,且对现在造成了一定的影响,符合语境,故答案选A。B项为过去进行时,表示过去某段时间正在进行的动作或所处的状态;C项为过去完成时,表示过去的过去;D项为过去将来时,表示过去将要发生的事情,均不符合语境,故排除。

(3)(2011·新课标全国高考)I can the house being untidy,but I hate it if it’s not clean.

A.come up with

B.put up with

C.turn to

D.stick to

答案:B 本题结合语境考查动词短语辨析。句意:我能忍受这套房子凌乱,但不喜欢

它不干净。come up with找到(答案),想出(主意);put up with容忍,忍受;turn to转向,翻页,求助于;stick to坚持。多归类动词短语,了解它们的含义和用法区别是做此类题目的关键。

(4)(2011·天津高考)She an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.

A.turned down

B.dealt with

C.took after

D.came across

答案:D 本题考查动词短语在具体语境中的应用。句意:昨天她在百货商店购物时偶遇了一位老朋友。turn down调低,拒绝;deal with处理,对付;take after与……相像;come across偶然碰到。根据句意可确定选D项。

(5)(2011·安徽高考)If you faults but you still want the bicycle,ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.

A.come across

B.care about

C.look for

D.focus upon

答案:A 本题考查动词短语的用法辨析。句意:如果你偶然发现些瑕疵而又还想要那辆自行车,你可以让店员降低价格。B项care about表示 “关心,在乎”, C项look for表示 “寻找”,D项focus upon表示“集中(注意力)”,这三项很明显与题意不符;只有A项come across“偶然发现,偶然遇见”符合题意。因此选A项。做对这类题目的关键是牢牢掌握动词短语的含义,并理解句子的含义。

(6)(2010·湖北高考)Had she her promise,she would have made it to Yale University.

A.looked up to

B.lived up to

C.kept up with

D.come up with

答案:B 句意:如果她不辜负自己的诺言,她就会考上耶鲁大学。look up to“尊敬,敬仰”;live up to“实践;做到;不辜负”;keep up with“赶上”;come up with“提出,想出”。由句意以及动词短语的含义可知,B项正确。

(7)(2007·江苏高考)—Have you some new ideas? —Yeah.I’ll tell you later. A.come about

B.come into

C.come up with

D.come out with

答案:C 本题考查动词短语意义辨析。come about发生;come into进入,得到;come up with想出;come out with发表,公布,说出。句意:“你想出新的主意了吗?”“是的,我过会儿告诉你。”

(8)(2006·天津高考)Most of us know we should cut down on fat,but knowing such

things isn’t much help when it shopping and eating.

A.refers to

B.speaks of

C.focuses on

D.comes to

答案:D 本题考查动词短语意义辨析。句意:我们绝大多数人都知道应该减肥,但是当谈及购物和吃的时候,知道这些没大有用。refer to提到,提及;speak of说起,评价;focus on集中注意力于;come to谈及,when it comes to当谈及……的时候,为固定句式,故D项正确。

(9)(2006·湖南高考)It’s already 10 o’clock.I wonder how it that she was two hours late on such a short trip.

A.came over

B.came out

C.came about

D.came up

答案:C 本题考查动词短语意义辨析。how did it come about为固定句式,意为“怎么会……?”,故C项正确。

4.actually adv.实际上;事实上 【短语链接】

actually=in fact=in actual fact=as a matter of fact=in reality事实上;实际上

【十年高考链接】

(1)(2009·安徽高考)— Do you think it’s a good idea to make friends with your students?

— ,I do.I think it’s a great idea. A.Really

B.Obviously

C.Actually

D.Generally

答案:C 本题考查交际用语。句意:“你认为和你的学生交朋友是个好主意吗?”“是的,确实如此。我认为是个很好的主意。”由下句肯定回答可知,此处表示赞同对方的观点,故用Actually。

(2)(2009·浙江高考)In the good care of the nurses,the boy is recovering from his heart operation.

A.quietly

B.actually

C.practically

D.gradually

答案:D 本题考查副词词义辨析。句意:心脏手术后,在护士们的精心护理下,这个男孩渐渐地痊愈了。quietly静静地;actually实际上;practically实际地;gradually逐渐地。

5.base vt.建于……之上,以……为根据n.底;根基,基础;基地,根据地 【常考用法】

base his opinion on facts以事实为依据发表他的观点 base one’s theory on practice理论以实践为基础 be based on a true story以一个真实的故事为基础 the base of a building建筑物的根基 at the base of the mountain在山脚下 【十年高考链接】

(2012·江苏高考) an important decision more on emotion than on reason,you will regret it soon or later.

A.Based

B.Basing

C.Base

D.To base

答案:B 本题考查非谓语动词。句意:凭着感情而不是理智作出一个重要决定,你迟早会后悔的。you与base之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。

6.present adj.目前的,现在的;出席的,在场的n.礼物;目前vt.把……交给;提出;赠送

【常考用法】

the present situation目前的形势

the present government leaders现任的领导人 be present at the World Media Summit出席世界媒体峰会 at the present time目前 at present目前,现在

present a bunch of flowers to his mother =present his mother with a bunch of flowers

赠给他的母亲一束花

be presented to the headmaster被引荐给校长 【十年高考链接】

(1)(2009·北京高考)All of them try to use the power of the workstation information in a more effective way.

A.presenting

B.presented

C.being presented D.to present

答案:D 本题考查非谓语动词作状语的用法。此处用不定式短语作目的状语。句意:他们所有人都试图借助工作站的力量用一种更有效的方式来呈现信息。

(2)(2008·浙江高考)There are plenty of jobs in the western part of

the country.

A.present

B.available

C.precious

D.convenient

答案:B 本题考查形容词的用法。available意为“可得到的,可利用的”。句意为“在这个国家的西部地区,有很多工作可找”。

(3)(2008·湖北高考)As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine,we must send for an engineer to the problem.

A.handle

B.raise

C.face

D.present

答案:A 本题考查动词词义辨析。句意:因为这儿没有人知道机器出了什么故障,所以我们必须去请一位工程师来解决这个问题。handle处理,解决;raise抬高;饲养;养育;提出(问题等);face面对,面临;present呈现;介绍;赠送。

7.make use of 利用;使用 【常考用法】

make full use of your time充分利用你的时间 make the best use of your money充分利用你的金钱

make use of your time to learn a foreign language利用时间学门外语

make good use of any opportunity to practice English好好利用一切机会练英语 make good use of the Internet resources充分利用网络资源 【短语链接】

make the most of充分利用

take advantage of利用

in use在使用 out of use不再被用 bring...into use开始利用;对……加以使用 come into use开始使用 【十年高考链接】

(2011·浙江高考)The school isn’t the one I really wanted to go to,but I suppose I’ll just have to it.

A.make the best of C.keep an eye on

B.get away from D.catch up with

答案:A 本题考查动词短语意义辨析。句意:这所学校并不是我真正想去的学校,但是我想我会充分利用它。make the best of 充分利用;get away from 逃离;keep an eye on照看,留神;catch up with赶上。结合句意可知A项正确。 此类题的解题关键是弄明白所给选项的意义,再结合语境作出选择。

8.latter adj.较后的,后期的,(两者中)后者的 【常考用法】

the latter half of the year后半年 in the latter part of her life在她的后半生

the latter book后一本书 the former...the latter...前者……后者……

【拓展】

late adj. & adv.迟(的),晚(的) later adj.后期的,较后的adv.后来,较晚地

latest adj.最新的,最近的 lately adv.(=recently)最近,近来 9.such as 例如……;像这样的 【常考用法】

such as tea and coffee例如茶和咖啡 such as English and French例如英语和法语

such as Canada,Britain and Japan比如加拿大、英国和日本 【辨析】such as与for example

(1)such as用于列举事物时常放在所列举事物与前面的名词之间,且直接跟所列举的事物,其后不用逗号。它所列举的事物的数量不能等同于前面所提的事物的总和。

(2)for example主要用于举例说明,其位置比较灵活,可位于句首、句中或句末,前后多用逗号隔开。

【十年高考链接】

(2008·江西高考)My English teacher’s humor was make every student burst into laughter.

A.so as to

B.such as to

C.such that

D.so that

答案:B 本题考查代词such的用法。句意:我的英语老师的幽默就是如此(好笑)以至于使每一个同学都哈哈大笑。such as (to do)到如此程度,如此……以至于……(正式或文学用语)。A项只能作目的状语,不能作表语。C、D两项引导从句。

10.frequently adv.常常;频繁地 【常考用法】

run frequently between the city and the airport频繁地往来于城市与机场之间

speak English frequently经常说英语 quarrel frequently经常吵架 【十年高考链接】

(2010·福建高考)Drunk driving,which was once a occurrence,is now under control.

A.general

B.frequent

C.normal

D.particular

答案:B 句意:醉酒驾驶,曾经是一件经常发生的事,现在被控制住了。general一般的; frequent经常的; normal正常的; particular特别的。根据句意选B项。

Ⅱ.句式与语法 1.more than 【常考用法】

more than one不止一个 more than once不止一次 more than 50 50多个 more than a little sad非常伤心 more than I can do myself我一个人做不了 more than a teacher不仅仅是个老师

more than a newspaper不仅仅是份报纸 more lazy than stupid与其说傻,倒不如说懒

【十年高考链接】

(1)(2007·福建高考)—Do you need any help,Lucy? —Yes.The job is I could do myself. A.less than

B.more than

C.no more than

D.not more than

答案:B 本题考查形容词比较级的用法。less than“少于,亚于”;more than“多于,超过”;no more than“只不过”;not more than“至多,不多于”。句意:“露西,你需要帮忙吗?”“是的,这份工作超过了我力所能及的范围。”more than后接带有情态动词的从句,指“(某事)超出了……的范围”,符合题意。

(2)(2004·全国高考)Lizzie was to see her friend off at the airport. A.a little more than sad C.sad more than a little

B.more than a little sad D.a little more than sad

答案:B 句意:Lizzie在机场给朋友送行,非常伤心。“more than+adj.”意为“非常……”,故B项正确。

2.even if (=even though)即使,纵然(引导让步状语从句)

I wouldn’t give up even if I failed a thousand times.即使失败一千次我也决不放弃。

You should give the children the freedom to voice their ideas even if/though they are different from yours.即使孩子们的观点跟你的不一样,你也应给他们发表自己的观点的自由。

You should stick to it even if/though there are many difficulties ahead. 即使前面困难再多,你也要坚持下去。 【提醒】

引导让步状语从句的连词 (1)although/though/as (2)while

(3)no matter how/however,no matter what/whatever,no matter who/whoever... 【十年高考链接】

(1)(2013·四川高考)He is so busy.He cannot afford enough time with his son he wants to.

A.even if

B.as if

C.because

D.before

答案:A 本题四个选项都为常见连词(词组):even if即使, as if 好像,because 因为,before在……之前。题干的意思是:他如此忙碌,即使想抽出充足的时间陪陪儿子也做不到。even if在此引导让步状语从句,符合题意。

(2)(2013·北京高考) I took my driving license with me on holiday, I wanted to hire a car.

A.in case

B.even if

C.ever since

D.if only

答案:A in case以防万一,引导条件状语从句;even if纵然,即使,引导让步状语从句;ever since自……以来,引导时间状语从句;if only要是……就好了,常用于虚拟语气,表示一种强烈的愿望。题干的意思是:我度假时随身带着驾照,以备我租车之需。由句意可知正确答案为A项。掌握连词的用法以及正确理解句意和前后的逻辑关系是解题关键。

(3)(2013·安徽高考)It’s much easier to make friends you have similar interests.

A.unless B.when C.even though D.so that

答案:B 本题需要根据题干的意思和前后两句之间的逻辑关系来判断使用哪个关联词。unless除非,表示相反的条件;when表示时间(有时兼有条件);even though即使,表示让步;so that以便,以致,表示目的或结果。句意:当你们有相似的兴趣时,成为朋友就容易得多。此处为时间兼条件,故选B项。

(4)(2012·北京高考)—Look at those clouds!

—Don’t worry. it rains,we’ll still have a great time. A.Even if

B.As though

C.In case

D.If only

答案: A 本题考查状语从句的引导词。句意:“看看那些乌云!”“别担心。即使下雨,我们也会玩得很高兴。”even if 即使;as though似乎;in case 以防;if only要是……多好。由句意可知A项正确。

(5)(2011·山东高考)He had his camera ready he saw something that would make a good picture.

A.even if

B.if only

C.in case

D.so that

答案:C 本题考查状语从句的引导词。句意: 他准备好了相机,以防他看到能拍出好的照片的事物。even if “即使”,引导让步状语从句;if only “要是……就好了”,引导虚拟条件句;in case“以防万一”,引导条件状语从句;so that 引导目的或结果状语从句。由句意可知应选C项。

(6)(2010·湖南高考)Tim is in good shape physically he doesn’t get much exercise.

A.if

B.even though

C.unless

D.as long as

答案:B 句意:Tim 尽管不怎么锻炼,但体形很好。if如果;even though即使,尽管;unless如果不,除非;as long as只要。

(7)(2010·安徽高考)The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, they have the interest.

A.wherever

B.whenever

C.even if

D.as if

答案:C 句意:工程师们如此忙,以至于没有时间进行户外体育活动,即使他们有兴趣。wherever “无论哪儿”;whenever“无论何时”;even if “即使”;as if “好像”。根据句意应选C项。

(8)(2009·北京高考)You may use the room as you like you clean it up

afterwards.

A.so far as

B.so long as

C.in case

D.even if

答案:B 本题考查状语从句引导词的用法辨析。句意:你尽可随意使用这个房间,只要你过后打扫干净。so far as远到,就……而言;so long as只要;in case以防万一;even if即使。

(9)(2009·陕西高考)My parents don’t mind what job I do I am happy. A.even though

B.as soon as

C.as long as

D.as though

答案:C 本题考查连词的用法。A项意为“即使”;B项意为“一……就……”;C项意为“只要”;D项意为“似乎,好像”。句意:只要我快乐,我的父母不介意我做什么工作。

(10)(2008·山东高考)You’d better not leave the medicine kids can get at it.

A.even if

B.which

C.where

D.so that

答案:C 本题考查状语从句引导词的使用。句意:你最好不要把药放在孩子们能够到的地方。where在句中引导地点状语从句。

(11)(2008·重庆高考)All people, they are old or young,rich or poor,have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.

A.even if

B.whether

C.no matter

D.however

答案:B 句意:所有的人,不论他们是年老还是年轻、富有还是贫穷,都在尽最大努力帮助那些灾难后需要帮助的人。

(12)(2007·浙江高考)Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, they knew it to be valuable.

A.as if

B.now that

C.even though

D.so that

答案:C 本题考查连词词组的用法。句意:他们中的许多人不听他的建议,尽管他们知道那很有价值。as if好像;now that既然;even though尽管;so that以便。

(13)(2007·北京高考)Leave your key with a neighbor you lock yourself out one day.

A.ever since

B.even if

C.soon after

D.in case

答案:D 本题考查连词词组的含义辨析。A项意为“自从……以来”;B项意为“即使”;C项意为“不久之后”;D项意为“以防;以免”。句意为“留把钥匙给邻居,以免有一天你把自己锁在门外”。

(14)(2005·湖南高考)Allow children the space to voice their opinions, they are different from your own.

A.until

B.even if

C.unless

D.as though

答案:B 本题考查连词。句意:即使孩子们的观点跟你的不一样,你也要允许他们发表自己的观点。even if 纵然,即使,引导让步状语从句,符合语境。

(15)(2005·辽宁高考)There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, she was an only child.

A.ever since

B.now that

C.even though

D.even as

答案:C 本题考查连词。句意:虽然凯特是独生女,她也从不感到孤独。even though即使,虽然,引导让步状语从句,符合语境。

3.English spoken in England... 在英国讲的英语…… 过去分词作定语,与所修饰的词之间为动宾关系。

This will be the best novel of its kind ever written (=that has ever been written).

这将是这类小说中写得最好的。

Who were the so-called guests invited (=that had been invited) to your party last night?

昨晚被邀请参加你的晚会的那些所谓的客人是谁? 【辨析1】过去分词作定语与现在分词作定语 (1)过去分词作定语表示被动、完成。 (2)现在分词作定语表示主动、进行。

【辨析2】done,being done与to be done作定语 (1)done作定语表示被动、完成。 (2)being done作定语表示被动、进行。 (3)to be done作定语表示被动、将来。 【十年高考链接】

(1)(2013·天津高考)In some languages,100 words make up half of all words in daily conversations.

A.using

B.to use

C.having used

D.used

答案:D 句意:在一些语言中,100个单词占了日常对话所使用的所有单词的一半。

题干中make up是谓语动词,“ in daily conversations”作后置定语,修饰words,words 与use之间是被动关系,应该用过去分词used。

(2)(2013·湖南高考)You cannot accept an opinion to you unless it is based on facts.

A.offering

B.to offer

C.having offered D.offered

答案:D 题干的意思是:你不可以接受别人提供给你的观点,除非它是建立在事实基础之上的。分析句子成分可知,“ to you”是分词短语,作后置定语,修饰opinion,又因为opinion和offer之间是被动关系,故用过去分词修饰,由此可知答案为D。解答这类题目需要抓住动词与逻辑主语之间的关系。

(3)(2013·陕西高考)The witnesses by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.

A.questioned

B.being questioned D.having questioned

C.to be questioned

答案:A 题干的意思是:刚才被询问的证人对打架给出了非常不同的描述。该题考查的是非谓语动词作后置定语的用法。那些证人是“被询问”的,所以要用question的被动形式,故可以排除D项;由句中的just now和gave very different descriptions不难得知“询问”这一动作已经发生,所以要用动词的过去分词作定语;B项表示“正在被询问”;C项表示“将要被询问”,动作还没发生,所以B、C两项均不符合题意。

(4)(2012·浙江高考)“It’s such a nice place,”Mother said as she sat at the table for customers.

A.to be reserved B.being reserved

C.reserving

D.reserved

答案:D 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。reserve和谓语动词sat之间没有连词,故用非谓语动词,且reserve和其逻辑主语the table构成被动关系,故用过去分词,在句子中作后置定语。

(5)(2012·山东高考) After completing and signing it,please return the form to us in the envelope .

A.providing

B.provided

C.having provided D.provide

答案:B 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:在完成表格并签字之后,请用提供的信封把它寄给我们。the envelope与provide之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。

(6)(2011·大纲全国高考)The island, to the mainland by a bridge,is

easy to go to.

A.joining

B.to join

C.joined

D.having joined

答案:C 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:这个岛屿由一座桥和相连,很容易到达。the island与join之间是被动关系,故此处用过去分词。

(7)(2011·福建高考)Tsinghua University, in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.

A.found

B.founding

C.founded

D.to be founded

答案:C 本题考查非谓语动词。句意:清华大学建于1911年,是许多杰出人物的母校。found意指“建立,创立”,主语Tsinghua University与它构成被动关系,故排除表主动关系的B项founding,并且由时间状语in 1911可知,found动作早已完成,可排除表将来动作的D项to be founded,故用过去分词founded表示被动和完成,C项正确。此题中过去分词短语founded in 1911作后置定语,相当于非性定语从句which was founded in 1911。

(8)(2011·湖南高考)The players from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.

A.selecting

B.to select

C.selected

D.having selected

答案:C 本题考查过去分词作后置定语。句意:(我们)期待从全国选出的运动员在这次夏季运动会中给我们带来荣誉。由句意可知运动员是“被选出来”的,此处只有C项可作后置定语表被动意义,故选C。解答这类题时,一定要弄清非谓语动词和被修饰词之间的逻辑关系。

(9)(2010·北京高考)I’m calling to enquire about the position in yesterday’s China Daily.

A.advertised advertised

B.to be advertised C.advertising

D.having

答案:A 句意:我打电话来咨询一下有关昨天的《中国日报》上刊登广告(招聘)的职位。过去分词短语advertised...作后置定语,被修饰词the position与advertise是被动关系。

(10)(2010·湖南高考)So far nobody has claimed the money in the library.

A.discovered

B.to be discovered C.discovering

D.having

discovered

答案:A 句意:迄今为止,没有人认领在图书馆里发现的钱。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。因the money与discover之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。

(11)(2010·全国高考Ⅰ)Mrs.White showed her students some old maps from the library.

A.to borrow

B.to be borrowed

C.borrowed

D.borrowing

答案:C 句意:怀特夫人给她的学生们看了一些从图书馆里借来的旧地图。old maps与borrow之间是被动关系,由句中的动词showed可知此动作已经发生,可排除动词不定式短语作后置定语,即排除A、B两项;D项表示主动或进行,也不符合语境;C项表示被动或完成,符合语境。

(12)(2010·四川高考)A great number of students said they were forced to practise the piano.

A.to question

B.to be questioned C.questioned

D.questioning

答案:C 句意:许多被调查的学生说,他们是被迫练习弹钢琴的。句中空格处作定语,修饰名词students,且二者之间是被动关系,可排除A、D两项;而B项动词不定式表示将来,与句中said的时态不符,故选C项。

(13)(2009·北京高考)For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit on his own farm.

A.grown

B.being grown

C.to be grown

D.to grow

答案:A 本题考查非谓语动词作定语。fresh fruit与grow之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。fresh fruit grown on his own farm他自己的农场种植的新鲜水果。B项表示动作正在进行,C、D两项表示动作还未发生,均不符合题意。

(14)(2009·上海高考) With the government’s aid,those by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.

A.affect

B.affecting

C.affected

D.were affected

答案:C 本题考查非谓语动词。句中有have moved作谓语,因此空格处应选择能作定语的选项,若those后有who应选D项,这样构成一个定语从句,但缺少who,因此只能选affect的过去分词形式作定语,因为those(那些人们)与affect(影响)之间是被动关系。

(15)(2008·福建高考)—Can those at the back of the classroom hear me?

—No problem. A.seat

B.sit

C.seated

D.sat

答案:C 本题考查分词短语作定语。sit为不及物动词,可用sitting...作定语;seat为及物动词,常与反身代词连用或用be seated形式。这里those与seat构成被动关系,故用其过去分词作定语。

(16)(2008·浙江高考)It is one of the funniest things on the Internet so far this year.

A.finding

B.being found

C.to find

D.found

答案:D 本题考查过去分词作定语。过去分词短语found on the Internet作后置定语,用来修饰things,things与它构成被动关系。句意:这是今年到目前为止在因特网上发现的最滑稽的事情之一。

(17)(2008·湖南高考)The trees in the storm have been moved off the road.

A.being blown down C.blowing down

B.blown down D.to blow down

答案:B 本题考查非谓语动词。句意:在暴风雨中被刮倒的树已经从道路上移走了。“树木”的后面缺少定语,因为the trees与blow down之间是被动关系,且是已经完成的动作,故用过去分词短语blown down。

(18)(2008·江西高考)We finished the run in less than half the time . A.allowing

B.to allow

C.allowed

D.allows

答案:C 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:我们用了不到所允许时间的一半就跑完了。time后缺少定语,time与allow之间是被动关系,因此用过去分词形式。

(19)(2007·上海高考)The Town Hall in the 1880’s was the most distinguished building at the time.

A.to be completed C.completed

B.having been completed D.being completed

答案:C 本题考查非谓语动词的用法辨析。过去分词短语completed in the 1880’s作定语,修饰the Town Hall,二者之间为被动关系;A项表示将来的被动,与句子时态不符;D项表示动作正在发生,不合题意;B项不能作性的定语。

(20)(2007·湖南高考) “Things never come again!”I couldn’t help

talking to myself.

A.lost

B.losing

C.to lose

D.have lost

答案:A 本题考查非谓语动词。句意:我不禁自言自语:“错过的事情绝不会再回来!”lost为过去分词转化来的形容词,作things的定语,相当于一个定语从句that are lost。

4.those 那些 【常考用法】

those可以替代名词复数,表示特指,相当于the ones。

The TVs sold in this shop are cheaper than those(=the ones) in that one. 这家商店里卖的电视比那家的便宜。 【十年高考链接】

(1)(2013·天津高考)At our factory there are a few machines similar to described in this magazine.

A.them

B.these

C.those

D.ones

答案:C 句意为“在我们工厂,有一些机器和在这本杂志上描述的那些机器相似”。those特指前面出现的复数可数名词machines。ones泛指前面提到的复数名词,若选ones,则应在ones前加the。

(2)(2013·浙江高考) Half of surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.

A.these

B.some

C.ones

D.those

答案:D 题干的意思是:在16个国家的那些被调查者中,有一半的人说他们会首先把深切的祝福和最大的担忧分享给最亲密的朋友。分析句子结构可知,此处要用代词指代那些被调查者。these用于近指;some某个,某些;ones可表指代,但是为泛指,而此处为特指;those用于远指,相当于the ones。所以正确答案为D项。

(3)(2013·辽宁高考)To her joy,Della earned first the trust of her students and then of her colleagues.

A.that

B.one

C.ones

D.those

答案:A 句意:让Della高兴的是,她首先赢得了学生们的信任,之后又赢得了同事们的信任。空格处需用代词代替the trust,因为trust为不可数名词,故选A项。one可以指代单数可数名词,表泛指,其复数为ones。that 可以指代不可数名词或单数可数名词,表特指,其后常有修饰语,其复数为those。

(4)(2012·浙江高考)Studying Wendy’s menu,I found that many of the items are similar to of McDonald’s.

A.those

B.ones

C.any

D.all

答案: A 本题考查代词的用法。句意:研究温迪的菜单,我发现很多东西和麦当劳的相似。 those=the ones,代指前面的many of the items,表示复数、特指,被of McDonald’s修饰,符合语境。ones表示复数、泛指,any任何一个,all全部,均不符合语境,故排除。

(5)(2011·浙江高考)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures,each of uses it somewhat differently.

A.which

B.what

C.them

D.those

答案:A 本题考查定语从句的引导词。分析句式结构可知,空格处在句中引导非性定语从句且在从句中作主语,所以要使用关系代词,由于空格前出现了each且指前面的cultures,所以关系代词指物,要用which。句意:英语是一种被多种不同文化分享的语言,每一种文化在使用它时都在某种程度上有所不同。解答此类题要把握三点:一是定语从句是什么类型的定语从句(性定语从句还是非性定语从句);二是先行词表示的是人还是物;三是先行词在从句中充当什么成分,作主语、宾语、表语、定语用关系代词,作状语用关系副词。把握好这三点,就能顺利地确定定语从句的关系词。

(6)(2011·北京高考)The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase .

A.them

B.those

C.it

D.that

答案:C 本题考查代词的用法。句意:由于当地(为增加就业率)所做的努力,大城市的就业率持续攀高。根据句意可知,本题中的代词应该指代上文提到过的名词the employment rate,根据代词的用法可知选项C正确。A项指代可数名词复数;B项指代可数名词复数;D项表特指。

(7)(2010·浙江高考)The settlement is home to nearly 1 000 people,many of left their village homes for a better life in the city.

A.whom

B.which

C.them

D.those

答案:A 句意:这个定居点是将近1 000人的家园,他们中的许多人为了在城里过上更好的生活离开了农村老家。逗号暗示其后为非性定语从句,先行词为people,故many of后需要宾格形式的代词,且指代人,故只有whom符合条件。which指代物;them与those

不能引导定语从句,故排除。

(8)(2009·江苏高考)Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with of their parents.

A.those

B.one

C.both

D.that

答案:D 本题考查代词的用法。做题时可以先在空格处填上名词,然后再找出相应的代词。根据句意空格处应该填the approach,所以应该用that指代。

(9)(2007·四川高考)Little joy can equal of a surprising ending when you read stories.

A.that

B.those

C.any

D.some

答案:A 本题考查代词的用法。空格处所填词指代joy,joy为不可数名词,且空格后有修饰语,须用that。that代替不可数名词且表特指。

(10)(2007·辽宁高考)The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than in the newspaper.

A.it

B.those

C.one

D.that

答案:D 本题考查代词的用法辨析。that代替前面的不可数名词information,it代指同名同物,those与one均代指可数名词。

因篇幅问题不能全部显示,请点此查看更多更全内容