Unit 1 Changesin the Way We Live
Text A
Happy Moments and Events
1) growing nearly all their fruitsand vegetables 2) canoeing, picnicking, longbicycle rides, etc. 3) keeping warm inside the housein winter 4) writing freelance articles
5) earning enough money whilemaintaining a happy family life Hardships
1) working hard both in winter andin summer 2) harsh environment and weathercondition
3) anxious moments after thewriter quit his job 4) cutting back on daily expenses 5) solitude Vocabulary
1.1) on balance 2) resist 3) haul 4)wicked
5) illustrated 6)budget 7) lowering 8) boundary 9) involved 10)economic 11) blasting 12)just about 2. 1) cut back / down 2）pick up
3）get by 4) get through 5）face up to 6）turn in
7）making up for 8）think up
3.1) pursued his mathematicalstudies and taught himself astronomy.
2) often generate misleadingthoughts.
3) attach great importance tocombining theory with practice in our work. 4) be suspected of doingeverything for money. 5) before he gets through life.
4.1. their indoor a profit toinvest in
2. device the improvement on a global scale 3. stacked temptation never dined out ConfusableUse ( P18 ) 1. house 2. home
3. home family 4. household 1. doubt
2. suspected 3. doubted 4. suspected 5. suspect
WordFormation ( P19 )
1) rise 2) final 3) regular 4)cash 5) hows and whys 6) upped 7) yellowed 8) bottled 9)lower 10) search
Cloze
1.Text-related ( P20 )
1) gets by 2) temptation 3) get through 4) improvement 5) aside from 6) suspect 7) supplement 8) profit 9) stacking 2.Theme-related ( P21 )
1) replaced 2) consider 3) quit 4) world 5) tough 6) fuels 7) provide 8) luxuries 9) balance 10) ideal Translation
1.Translate the sentences into English (P21 )
1) We have a problem with thecomputer system, but I think it is fairly minor. 2) My father died when I was tooyoung to live on my own. The people ofmy hometown
took over responsibility for my upbringing at that point.
3) the toys have to meet strictsafety requirements before they can be sold
to children.
4) Radio and television havesupplemented rather than replaced the newspaper
as carriers of new and opinion.
5) When it comes to this magazine,it is a digest of articles from many
newspapers and magazines around the world.
2.Translate the passage into English ( P21)
Adecade ago, Nancydid what so many Americans dream about. Shequit an executive position and opened a household device store in her neighborhood. People like Nancy made the decision primarily for theimprovement in the quality of their lives.
But,to run a business on a small scale is by no means an easy job. Without her steady income, Nancy had to cut back on her dailyexpenses. Sometimes she did not evenhave the money to pay the premiums for the various kinds of insurance sheneeded.
Fortunately,through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficulttime. She is determined to continuepursuing her vision of a better life.
Unit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes
TEXT A
VOCABULARY
1. 1) decades 2) historic 3) imposed 4) religious 5) slender 6) web 7) bade 8) site 9) on theside 10) authorized 11) terminal 12) make the best of
2.1) went through 2) stood up for 3) laid down 4) take on 5) let (us)down 6) draw on 7) fall into 8) pass for
3.1) The Europeans arefully confident that the Americans will not be able to justify their measuresto protect the struggling American steel industry. 2) Clinton is, in the eyesof Joe Klein , staff writer of the New Yorker and author of The Natural, themost talented politician of his generation and the most compelling. 3) There’s notmuch you can do if people are really intent on destroying themselves
withdrug. 4) A differentexperience of the world could forge a completely different approach to life. 5) It is ourconviction that cloning of human beings is bound to cause many ethical andsocial problems in the long run.
4.1). As for, do notcompel, capture of , have forged 2) At huge risk,the mission, shelter 3) who abolished,In the eyes of, racial II. Words with Multiple Meaning
1. I’ll tell you in a minute how I haveattained the genuine sense of belonging in America, but first let me hearabout your French trip.
2. Most McDonald’s look almost the same on theoutside, but actually there are about 16 different basic designs.
3. Loaning money from the banks is but one ofthe methods we can use to get through a financial crisis.
4. This second-hand car has been nothing buttrouble: it’s always breaking down. 5. In your resume you’ve mentioned everythingbut one vital point. 6. Our technicians have discovered a simplebut effective solution to the problem. 7. I am sorry, but I think you shouldn’t havelingered on over coffee and missed the last bus.
8. The bankruptcy of the company was notcaused by evil, but by simple ignorance.
III. USAGE
1. lonely 2. friendly3. weekly,monthly 4. lovely5. cowardly 6. kindly/ saintly 7. lively 8. motherly COMPREHENSIVE EXERCISES I. CLOZE
1.1) forged 2) stand up 3) compelled 4) convictions 5) mission 6) abolish 7) intent on 8) risk 9) In the eyesof 10) threats 2.1) assistance 2) involved 3) estimated 4) coincidence 5) emerged 6) referred 7) numerous 8) stationed 9) concern 10) capture II. TRANSLATION
1. Though greatly affected by the consequencesof the global financial crisis, we are still confident that we can face up tothe challenge and overcome the crisis.
2. Under threat of constant sand storms, wewere compelled to leave our cherished village and move to the new settlement. 3. According to a recent online survey, a lotof consumers say they may be motivated to consider buying products shown in TVcommercials.
4. Having spotted a truck driver dumpingcontaminated waste alongside the river, the old man reported to the police atonce.
5. Some scientists hold to the firm convictionthat people will come to like genetically modified crops someday since they canincrease yields and help combat hunger and disease in the developing world.
2. Shortly after he achieved freedomhe became a member of an organization that assisted fugitive slaves. He secretlyreturned to the United Statesfrom Canadaseveral times to help others to travel the Underground Railroad tofreedom. Once some slave catchers closed in on the escaping slaves and Henson when theywere on the run. He disguised them and successfully avoided capture. In addition, later hebuilt a small settlement in Dresden in Canadafor escaped slaves, setting up a chapeland a school where they could learn useful ways of making a living. He held tothe conviction that slavery would beabolished, all the slaves would be liberated, and the day was bound tocome when racial discrimination no longer existed.
Unit 3 Security
Text A
Language Sense Enhancement I.1)electronic 2) hooked up to 3)suburban 4) built in 5)uncommon 6) announcing 7)surveillance 8) symbol 9)featured 10) attached to Language Focus
Vocabulary I. 1. 1) threathens 2) by asmall margin 3) civilize 4)closed up 5) wandered 6) paste 7) without so much as 8) sideways 9) hook up to 10) universal
11) chart 12)Bathed in
2. 1) narrowed down 2) looked backon 3) cut off 4) fit into 5) wear (the other) down 6) lies in 7) put up 8) stand for
3. 1) A certain gene which is likely to makepeople vulnerable to asthma has been found by
researchers atthe Department of Clinical Medicine in Oxford.
2) A wardrobe withmirrored doors had to be built in so as to make their small bedroom look larger.
3) The NBC show'sopening shots feature the space shuttle Challenger blowing up in January1986—killing all seven crew.
4) When the teacher threatened to keep the pupils inafter school they were quieted at once.
5) Energydifficulties are a major barrier to the country's economic growth due to thefact that imported oil has absorbed 40% of its foreign exchange / becauseimported oil has absorbed 40% of its foreign exchange.
4. 1) Jacob lookedback on his summer holidays spent on the Big Island of Hawaii with its
beautiful landscape and tranquil atmosphereas a rare escape from the madness of urban life.
2) Learning in the information erais really convenient andefficient. With your computer hooked up tothe internet, you can easilyobtain the electronic resources relevant to your research.
3) Detectives, who believe more than one person is behind theconstant attacks in the suburb, are using a sophisticatedcomputer system to analyze specific behavior and situations. However,they are also aware that they shouldn’t rely too much on computer because itmay make errors at times..
II.Collocation
1. away 2. inside/in
3. forward/through 4. back 5. off 6. home
7. back, down 8. in, out
III.Usage
1. Internetis not such an unusual word as it used to be. 2. Most mendo not look unattractive in them.
3. Wealthyas she is, she is not unconcerned by her sudden unemployment. 4. Thisclaim is not unrealistic in view of a sharp decrease in the city's violentcrimes.
5. His poorhealth is not unrelated to his unhealthy way of life. ComprehensiveExercises I. Cloze
1.1. Statistics 2. rural
3. era 4. stood for
5. on the latch 6. vulnerable 7. barriers 8. electronic 9. reflection 10.civilized 2.1. tougher 2. liable 3. shift 4.electric
5. cautious 6. sophisticated 7. thieves 8. break 9. chances 10.signs II. Translation
1.1). The Internet is changing the way people live, no matterwhether they are in urban or rural areas.
2). Medium-sized andsmall companies are more vulnerableto the threat of the global
economic crisis than large ones.
3). With regard to our term papers, the professor asked usto analyze the chart of
unemployment first, and then provide critical reflections on the nation’s economicdevelopment.
4). It never occurred to him that their team wouldwin the basketball match by a
largemargin. 5). Looking backon my twenty years’ teaching in high school, I attributed my success
topatience, talent, and the constant pursuit of knowledge.
2.
It is almost impossible to keep a determined burglar out.All you can do is discourage him for a few minutes, thus exposing him to policepatrols or those wandering around. Common sense tells us that lighting is a barrier to criminal activity. A lightshould be fixed in the doorway and switched on at night. Makesure/assure yourself that you don’t leave the door on the latch if you happen to be the last to come in. If you decideto buy a sophiticatedelectronicalarm system, be sure to ask for itssigns and put them up on bothwindows and doors. In addition you may have it hooked up to a police station.
Unit 4 WasEinstein a Space Alien?
Text A
LanguageSense Enhancement (P.101)
I.1)concentration 2) lie down 3)balance 4) engross himself in 5)stimulated 6) more so
7)curious 8) assessment 9)credited 10) intelligence Language Focus (P.103)
Vocabulary
1. 1)accordingly 2) loose 3)concentration 4) stimulating 5) fabric 6) if anything 7) reality 8) intuition 9) trifle 10) at the turn of the century 11) mess 12) undermine
2 1) approve of 2) slow down 3)take in 4) sucked into 5) set„ apart 6) dozed off 7) callforth 8) stretch into 9) keepup with 10) believe
3.1) The beautiful Malvern Hills have provided inspiration for many artistis and
musiciansover the decades.
2) Much of his success is credited to hispower of imagination.
3) The industrial revolution was firmly builton the foundations of an
agricultural revolution.
4) Alexander was determined not to makeany complaints in the presence of the
nurse.
5) September 1939 saw the outbreak of theSecond World War. 4. (P. 106)
1) At school Einsteinthought about questions which his teachers did not ask. They considered hisconstant doubting and questioning as a character flaw, so much so thatthey came to the conclusion that he would get nowherein life.
2) For the third night in a row, I was awakened bythe shrieking of car alarms at midnight. Without a decent night’s sleep, I dozedoff while I was at work in the daytime. Consequently I made a mess ofmy job.
3) Economists are examing two reports capturing the bleakeconomic picture. One shows that the outbreak of the world financialcrisis has undermined consumer confidence, which is now down in itslowest levels since 1992. The other shows that unemployment rate has risen by10%, which has strained many families’ finances.
II.Collocation (P. 106-105)
1. With Christmas only a week away
2. With his physical condition improving dayby day 3. With our GDP growing steadily 4. With all the shops closed 5. with her eyes closed
6. With the fog lifting during the night III.Usage (P. 107-108) 1. like/as 2. as 3. like 5. as/ like 6. as 7. like 4. like/as 8. as ComprehensiveExercises I. Cloze (P. 108-109) (A) 1. caution 3. never get anywhere 5. not give/care a fig 7. beyond any doubt
9. remarkable/ impressive (B) 1. extent 3. bet 5. vision
7. achievement 9. utilized
II. Translation (P. 109-110)
2. came to the conclusion 4. undermining 6. flaw
8. foundation 10. imagination 2. inventions 4. manages 6. eventually 8. poverty 10. Breakthrough 1. (P. 109)
1. The volunteers sent by the Red Crossdisinfected , with great caution,the drinking water in the village so as to avoid an outbreakof plague
2. Einstein spent many years trying to unify the theories of electromagnetismand gravity but failed.
3. Professor Wang received / won the PresidentialAward fro his excellence in stimulatingstudents’ creative imagination.
4. As there were some major design flaws, the board of directors didn’t approve of the economic stimuluspackage. 5. Having realized that nobody could help him,Jordanfinally came to the conclusion thathe had to face reality and meet thechallenge by himself. 2. (P. 110)
What was remarkable about 2005 was perhaps that the United Nations declaredit “The World Year of Physics”. It was the 100th anniversary of Einstein’s theory ofrelativity and the 50th anniversary of his death. In 1905 Einsteinpublished five
highly important essays in the history of science, thusrevolutionizing physics. His great achievement can be credited to his impressivepowers of imagination, constant questioning,and not giving a fig for authority.It is beyond doubt that Einstein wasthe greatest scientist in the 20th century.
Unit 5 Giving Thanks
Text A
LanguageSense Enhancement I. 1)decades 2) undergoing
3)had done wrong4) welcome reassurance 5)appreciated 6) brought back 7)relatives 8) accomplish 9)consume 10) representing
Language Focus
Vocabulary
1. 1) sprinkled 2) in turn 3)reversed 4) repay 5)at sea 6) traditional 7)statement 8) longed for 9)in secret 10) unloaded 11)weep 12) under way 2. 1)stretch out 2) make out 3) hope for 4) turns (it) over 5) put away 6) brings back 7) got to 8) go about
3. 1) As supplies of traditional fuels diminish,people are working to increase the use of solar energy.
2) We accord highpriority to meeting the challenges of economic and environmental development inthe region.
3) While it is truethat children of today are exposed to more information than were childrenof the past, it doesnot follow that they automatically become more sophisticated.
4) Since she borrowed those books from the library she hasbeen immersed in British historyand culture.
5) Everything changed in a flash on June 1, 2000 when helost both legs in a serious trafficaccident.
4. 1) I'd like to express my sincere thanksto everyone who has been so considerate of my well-
being. My heart is filled with gratitude that words cannotexpress.
2) After everyone assembled on the playground amidthe noise and excitement of the spectators, our coach again impressedon us the need to do our best in quest of excellence.
3) EverythingI saw in my hometown was marvelous. I could hardly believe that it hadundergone such swift changes through cultivating fruits, vegetables,flowers and the restin the past few years. II.Collocation
1, fond of 2. sick of 3. thoughtful of 4. confident of 5. conscious of 6. critical of 7. guilty of 8.ashamed of III.Usage
1. To know what people really think, pay regard to what theydo, rather than what they say.
2. It is cooperation, rather than conflict, that willenable you to achieve your success. 3. Ann made students think for themselves rather thantelling them what to think. 4. I think I'll stay athome this evening rather than go / going out.
5. Most people are content to let perfect days happen atrandom rather than plan / planning for them. ComprehensiveExercises
I. Cloze(A)
1) at sea 2) Turning over 3) reverse 4) got to 5)repay 6) gratitude 7) assembled 8) immersed in 9) unloading 10)swift
(B)1) Instead 2) possessions 3) richer 4) breath 5)cherish 6)
special 7) specific 8) shining 9) miracles 10)gift II. Translation
1.6). Grandma tookitfor grantedthat food prices wouldsoar, so she bought a lot of rice.
7). I can quoteyou several instancesof herdedication to science.
8). The 1980s sawthe start of the swiftdevelopmentof some special economic zones
in China.
9). Tension between the two countries stemmed in partfrom the latest spy affair. 10). Peter has worked in alaw firm for many years. You can consider having him as
your lawyer to act on your behalf when you need legalhelp.
2.Amid the atmosphere ofThanksgiving George was immersed inthe diary left to him by his father, who died at sea after he completed two successivetrips around the world. The diary broughtback every moment George had spent with his father and many of the specific things his father did on his behalf.George's father used toimpress on him the need to undergoall kinds of hardship in quest ofexcellence. He also taught him that nothing in the world could be taken for granted.Even today, George still remembers how his father would quote Aesop's famous saying \"Gratitudeis the sign of noble souls\" and tell him to accord the greatest importance to it.
Unit 6 The Human Touch
Text A
LanguageSense Enhancement (P.174)
I. 1)curling 2) looking the part 3)masterpiece 4) to excess 5)For the rest 6) smelling strongly of 7)fancy 8) light and fragile 9)slight hold upon the world 10) streaming
Language Focus (P.176) Vocabulary(P.176)
1. 1) masterpieces 2) fragile 3)fancy 4) nonsense 5)cling to 6)endure 7)acute 8) whistle 9)mock 10) subtracted 11)Sin 12) flutter/fluttering 3.1) gave in/gaveup 2) figure out 3) sized up 4) wiped out 5)pulling up 6) wearaway 7) sit up 8) hear of /
about
4. 1) Illnesses usually stand out in childhood memories. 6) According to the bulletin, AlbrightCollegenow offers a joint bachelor's degree program inenvironmental studies together with Duke University.
7) The new government is less oppressive, but violence stillstalks the country. 8) There is scarcely any surface water inthe desert.
9) The demand for change in the election law is sopersistent that both houses have promisedto consider it.
4.1)It was dreary lying in the tent with nothing to read, so we built a campfire. Soon the smell
of steaks,bread and coffee mingled with that of fresh grass and earth. Othercampers seemed to be doing the same. Hereand there people were eating, drinking or dancing to their hearts'content, if not to excess. What a merry night!
4) Miss Florence, our music teacher, called to us tostop singing. I didn't realize why until Sally told me in a whisper:\" You are not in tune with the group!\"
5) The angry wife poured a bucket of water over her drunkenhusband, who was immediately wet through and stumbled backward:\" You can't do without drinks? I won't hear ofany excuses. Youcertainly don't need it to turn loose your tongue!\"
II.Words with Multiple Meanings (P. 179—180) 1. He went to Parison business last month. 2. The train to Brusselsgoes at 2:25p.m.
3. As soon as they arrived at the meadow, the shepherd letthe sheep go.
4. We went exploringtogether in the mountains. / We will go exploring together in the mountains.
5. Let's go and have a drink in the bar. 6. The store is going to close up soon.
7. SouthKoreans went crazy when their soccer players beat the Spanish team in thequarterfinals.
8. When Mother came out of the house, she found herchildren gone. III.Usage (P. 180)
1. a little white wooden house 2. long, curly red hair 2. a large old round table 3. a cheap Indian restaurant
4. a huge cool chocolate ice-cream 5. rapid technological advance
6. a handsome young Chinese American ComprehensiveExercises I. Cloze (P. 181) 1. in tune
2. Scarcely
3. in a whisper 4. cling to 5. merry 6. sat up 7. nonsense 8. fancy 9. sin 10. masterpiece (B) 1. mission 2. involve 3. jail 4. not 5. collect 6. deliver 7. beautiful 8. vocation 9. need 10. small II. Translation (P.182)
1. 11). The red house stands outagainst the old trees thatreach high up to the sky. 12). The salary in/for mynew job is great, but for the rest,I’m not satisfied. 13). The waters of the twostreams minglenear our village. 14). We should not mockat other people’s religiousbeliefs.
15). The curtains of theroom are not quite in tunewith thestyle of the furniture. 2. (P. 182)
Here and there we see youngartists who stand out from otherpeople. They may be in worn out jeans all the year round, or walk barefoot / in barefeet even in winter, or drink to excess, orcling to the fancy of creating amasterpiece without actually doing anycreative work. In fact, many of them act like this just to lookthe part, or to be \"in tune with\" otherartists. They have forgotten that only throughpersistent effort can one achievesuccess
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